Major Internet Disruption Reported Across Iran Amid Heightened Tensions

6 July, 2025

A major disruption to internet connectivity has been reported across Iran, coinciding with the Supreme Leader's first public appearance since the recent war with Israel. The global internet monitor NetBlocks confirmed the disruption, which corroborated widespread user reports of access issues. The development comes just weeks after authorities implemented a telecommunications shutdown during the conflict, raising concerns about information control and the suppression of civil liberties at a time of significant national and regional tension.

Unpacked:

Why does the Iranian government restrict or disrupt internet access during times of crisis?

The Iranian government often restricts internet access during crises to control information flow, suppress dissent, and prevent the spread of protests. Authorities claim these measures protect national security and prevent cyber attacks, but critics argue they serve to limit civil liberties and transparency, especially during politically sensitive periods.

How does Iran's internet infrastructure enable such large-scale shutdowns?

Iran's state control over internet infrastructure allows authorities to quickly disrupt or filter online access nationwide. Most international connections pass through government-controlled gateways, making it possible to implement partial or total shutdowns efficiently. The National Information Network also facilitates isolating domestic traffic from the global internet.

What impact do these internet disruptions have on Iranian citizens and businesses?

Internet disruptions severely affect daily life, hindering communication, access to information, and essential services. Businesses, especially those relying on e-commerce or digital tools, suffer significant financial losses. Ordinary citizens face challenges staying informed, connecting with others, or accessing basic online resources, exacerbating social and economic difficulties.

Have similar internet shutdowns occurred in Iran before, and what were the outcomes?

Yes, Iran has a history of internet shutdowns during protests or national unrest, notably in November 2019 and after the 2025 Israeli strikes. These actions typically suppress activism and limit outside awareness but also draw international condemnation and calls for greater digital rights protections. The outcomes often include increased public frustration and attempts to circumvent restrictions using VPNs or satellite internet services.