Global Forced Displacement Surges to Record 122 Million, Says UN Refugee Agency

12 June, 2025

The UN refugee agency (UNHCR) reported that over 122 million people worldwide were forcibly displaced by violence and persecution as of April 2025, an increase of two million from the previous year. The Global Trends Report highlights Sudan as the world's largest displacement crisis with over 14 million, surpassing Syria. The report also notes a UN inquiry into Rohingya refugees allegedly cast into the sea by Indian naval vessels, amid budget cuts for humanitarian groups.

Unpacked:

What are the main causes behind the sharp increase in global displacement in 2025?

The rise is driven by ongoing armed conflicts, political instability, and persecution in countries such as Sudan, Syria, and Myanmar. Emerging crises and unresolved conflicts continue to displace millions, with climate-related disasters also contributing to forced migration.

Why has Sudan surpassed Syria as the world’s largest displacement crisis?

Sudan's escalation is due to renewed violent conflict, particularly between the Sudanese army and paramilitary groups, which has led to mass internal displacement and refugees fleeing to neighboring countries, surpassing Syria's figures for the first time.

What is the significance of the UN inquiry into alleged abuses against Rohingya refugees by Indian naval vessels?

The inquiry highlights concerns about the treatment of refugees and adherence to international laws. Allegations that Rohingya refugees were cast into the sea raise serious humanitarian and legal issues, potentially impacting India’s international standing and refugee policies.

How might budget cuts to humanitarian organizations affect displaced populations?

Budget cuts can lead to reduced access to food, healthcare, shelter, and protection for displaced people. Aid agencies may be forced to scale back services and prioritize the most urgent needs, leaving many vulnerable groups at greater risk.