Iran and US Conclude Fourth Round of Nuclear Talks in Oman
Iran and the United States held their fourth round of negotiations regarding Tehran's nuclear program in Muscat, Oman on Sunday. The talks, mediated by Oman, lasted approximately three hours. Discussions centered on Iran's rapidly advancing nuclear capabilities and occurred shortly before US President Donald Trump's planned visit to the Middle East. The outcome or specific progress made during this round was not immediately detailed.
Unpacked:
The main concern is Iran's rapid uranium enrichment capabilities. As of late 2024, Iran can produce enough weapons-grade uranium for 5–6 bombs in less than two weeks, and plans to install additional centrifuges and increase enrichment rates have raised proliferation risks.
Oman serves as a neutral mediator facilitating indirect dialogue between Iran and the United States. Its diplomatic ties with both countries and history of hosting sensitive negotiations make it a trusted venue for confidential discussions.
Iran stopped implementing the Additional Protocol and JCPOA monitoring arrangements in 2021, reducing the IAEA’s ability to verify the peaceful nature of its nuclear program. The IAEA now reports significant gaps in knowledge about Iran’s nuclear activities and inventory.
President Trump's visit could influence regional dynamics and U.S. policy toward Iran. The timing suggests the U.S. may want diplomatic progress before the visit, potentially shaping discussions with regional allies and impacting future diplomatic or security strategies.