Rajasthan Assembly Passes Anti-Conversion Bill with Strict Penalties
The Rajasthan Assembly has passed the Prohibition of Unlawful Conversion of Religion Bill, 2025, which introduces stringent measures against religious conversions through force, fraud, or allurement. The new law makes such offences non-bailable and includes penalties up to life imprisonment and fines as high as ₹1 crore. Marriages conducted solely for the purpose of conversion will be declared void. The bill exempts individuals who are reconverting to their "ancestral religion" from its provisions, a move criticized by the opposition.
Unpacked:
The bill prescribes 7-14 years in prison and at least ₹5 lakh fine for general cases, 10-20 years and at least ₹10 lakh for converting minors, women, or Scheduled Castes/Tribes, and 20 years to life plus at least ₹25 lakh for mass conversions. Repeat offenders face 20 years to life and at least ₹50 lakh fine.
Voluntary conversions now require prior permission from district authorities. The person must apply 90 days in advance, after which a public notice is issued. Objections can be raised, and only after hearings and approval can the conversion proceed legally.
Critics argue that exempting reconversion to one’s 'ancestral religion' creates an uneven standard and may privilege certain religions over others, raising concerns about religious freedom and equal treatment under the law. The opposition claims it could be misused for political or sectarian purposes.
Rajasthan is not unique; as of 2025, at least 11 Indian states have enacted laws regulating religious conversions, generally citing public order. Previous Rajasthan bills (2006, 2008) did not get assent, but the 2025 law aligns with trends in other states.